Air cooled refractory wall construction for furnaces



y 1956 J. D. MOCULLOUGH 2,746,405

AIR COOLED REFRACTORY WALL CONSTRUCTION F OR FURNACES Filed April 15, 1950 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR ATTORNEY May 22, 1956 J, D. YMOCULLOUGH 2,746,405

AIR COOLED REFRACTORY WALL CONSTRUCTION FOR FURNACES Filed April 15, 1950 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR Jam D M fu/louglz ATTORNEY the interior;

AIR cooLEn REFRACTORY WALL CON- STRUCTION FOR FURNACES James D. McCullough, New York, N. Y., assignor to The.

Babcock &,Wilcox Company, Rockleigh, N. J., a corporation of New Jersey This invention relates to a furnace construction, and

Unified Stat mo more particularly to the construction of a furnace involving an air-cooled refractory wall such as for use in an oil heater or other fluid heat exchange apparatus.

The pertinent furnace construction includes insulating firebrick supported by horizontally extending ledge angles which are vertically spaced to receive a plurality of interposed courses of the firebrick, in apanel-like construction. The inner part of the wall construction including theinsulating firebrick is anchored by meansof horizontal rods engaging the brick or extending therethrough, and assobrick in each panel.

ciated with clips which extend around the rods and also around vertically extending structural members such as pipes which are secured at vertically spaced positions to the ledge angles. The ledge angles are secured at vertically spaced positions to upright columns. Preferably ciated with the ledge angles thatthe pipes take the tersional load on the ledge angles without detracting materially from the air circulation space between the panels of firebrick and the outer casing. The pipes preferably i .one or more of the vertical pipes are disposed between Successive vertical columns, and the 'plpes are so asso- Wall, one of the brick in each panel to act as a monolithic mass.

2 cated in dotted lines in'Fig. 1. These columns may be secured in horizontally spaced positions along the furnace wall, as by a suitable foundation and by suitable steelwork including vertically spaced beams. The wall secured to the columns 10 and 12 may be described as a panel panels having its corners at the points A,' B, C and D (Fig; 1). These columns may be those of the associated fluid heat exchange apparatus. Each panel, supported by the columns, preferably includes light.

weight insulating firebrick which are bondedto cause the This may be done by laying the brick in air setting mortar in such a manner that interlocking of the bricks takes place.

The brick in the panels are supported by ledge angles such as those indicated at 16 and 18 in Fig. 3. 'These ledge angles are disposed horizontally and are spaced apart ver: tically according to the number of horizontal courses of The anchoring of the brick within the illustrative panelsis accomplished by means including horizontal rods such as those indicated at 20, 22, 24, and 26 in Fig. 3. As shown, these. are horizontally disposed within grooves inthe horizontal courses of the bricks such as 30-33, inclusive. The bricks in these particular horizontal courses are also recessed to receive the inner circular ends 36-39, inclusive,.of clips'such as 40-43, inclusive, which have outer ends in the form of circular loops 46-49, inclusive. posed intermediate columns orsupports shown as pipes, such as 54 and 56, running the full height of the furnace between the outside air casing 50 and the inwardly spaced surfaces of the brick panels These pipes may be of random lengths with threaded ends coupled in the field.

, and 3), inasmuch as the extend the full height of the furnace between the outside air casing and the colder side of the insulating'firebrick.

The pipes may be of random lengths with threaded ends 1 coupledin the field.

The flanges of the vertical columns which are used to carry the wall panels are exposed to a temperature higher than that to which the pipes are exposed, the latter being separated from the firebrick and being cooled on all sides by airflowing in the'space between the outside casing and the panels of firebrick. To take care of the vertical expansion differences, sleeves are slipped over the pipes and welded to the horizontal ledge angles after the pipes are in their vertical positions. This. construction not only permit's the pipes to act as guides for the angles,

. the pipes are slipped.

but it also servesto prevent any appreciable deflection of the angles resulting from the eccentricloads, together with heat to which the angle is exposed. a Q

For. a better understanding of the invention, reference should be had to the accompanying drawings in which a preferred embodiment is illustrated.

In the drawings: t

Fig. 1 is an elevation of the furnace construction from Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on the line 22 of Fig. I;

Fig. 3 is a vertical section on the line 33 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a detail view in the nature of a horizontal section showing one end of the Fig. 2 panel construction on an enlarged scale;

Fig. 5 is a detail view showing the manner in which the ledge angles are secured to the vertical columns; and

Fig. 6 is a detail view, on the line 66 of Fig. 1, showing the manner in which the ledge angles are secured to the sleeves around the pipes disposed between successive vertical columns.

The illustrative furnace construction includes such vertical columns as 10 and 12 (Fig. 2) which are also indiafter the pipes are in Upon reference to Fig. 4, it may be seen that the flanges such as flange 52 of the column 12 are exposed to temperatures higher than the pipes 54 and 56 (Figs. 1 pipes are cooled onall sides by space between the outer casing air, flowing through the and theouter surfaces of the panels. This condition results in difierential expansion which is taken care of by vertically spaced sleeves such as 60and 61 through which These sleeves or guide members positions aligned with theposi- 16 and 18 and are welded thereto their operative postions. These the pipes to act asguides for the are disposed at vertical tions of the ledge angles sleeves not only permit ledge angles 16 and 18, but they also serve to prevent any appreciable deflection of the angles as a result of the eccentric load thereon, and also as a result of the high temperatures to which the angles are exposed.

The vertical pipes 54 and 56 are stiffened against vertical deflection by being welded at spaced vertical positions to the casing stiffener angles such as 64 and66 (Fig. 3). The stiifener angles 64 and 66- meet, as shown'in Fig. 3, at positions vertically'intermediate the levels of the brick supports 18. l

The illustrative constrrictioriisfone which permits the use of an air "cooled wall constructed of commercially available steel sections. any kind and employs 4 /2" by 2 /2 i The ledge angles such as the angle 16 secured to a vertical column such as 12 may be in horizontal separate sections, such as indicated at 16 and 16' in'Fig. 4, welded or otherwise secured to the inner flange 52 of the column 12 as indicated at 70 and 72in Fig. 5.

It requiresno special castings of standard 9" straight brick 9" by Air infiltration between the air space and the furnace space inside the furnace panels is prevented by means of a sealing compound applied as a plastic to the cold side of the bricks and constituting a stratum such as that indicated at 74 in Fig. 3.

Whereas the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment shown in the drawings it is to 2,746,405 Patented May22, 1956 Through these loops are vertically disbe understood that the invention is not limited to all of the detailsthereof. It is rather of ascope commensurate zontally disposed refractory supports for the refractories secured to the columns andextending along the horizontal margins of the panels, 'an outer wall, spaced exteriorly of the panels and secured to said columns, vertically extending pipes disposed between successive columns and within height of the pipes being of the order of the height of the furnace wall, "metallic sleeves slidably fitting around the pipes and welded to the supports at successive vertical positions, and means movably anchored to the pipes and extending into the panels for tying the panels to the pipes.

2. In an air cooledfurnac'e wallconstruction, an inner I wall consisting of panels of firebrick, an outer wall including metallic'sections associated in a gas tight manner,

supports for the outer wall, horizontally disposed frame engaging the tubular members at positions between successive horizontally disposed members.

3. In a'furnace wall construction, vertically successive the spaces between the panels and the outer wall, the

panels consisting of a plurality of superposed horizontal courses of insulating firebrick, horizontally spaced vertical columns, horizontally disposed ledge angles secured to the columns along the horizontal margins of the panels, an

outer gas tight wall spaced exteriorly of the panels and secured to said columns, vertically extending pipes disposed between successive columns and Within the spaces between the panels and the outer wall, sleeves slidably fitting around the pipes and welded to the ledge angles at successive vertical positions, and means slidably secured to the pipes and extending into the panels for anchoring the panels to the pipes.

4. Ina furnace wall construction, vertically successive panels each including a plurality of horizontal courses of insulating firebrick, horizontally spaced vertical columns, horizontally disposed ledge angles secured to the columns along the horizontal margins of the panels, an outer gas tight sheet metal wall spaced exteriorly of the panels and secured, to said columns, vertically extending pipes disposed within the spaces between the panels and the outer wall, tubular sleeves telescopically receiving the pipes in a slidable fit and welded to the ledge angles at successive vertical and vertically aligned positions, and means engaging the pipes for vertical movement with respect thereto and extending into and secured to the'panels for anchoring the panels to the pipes.

5. In a furnace wall construction, vertically aligned panels each including a plurality of superposed horizontal courses of brick constituting a part of an inner furnace wall, horizontally spaced main wall supporting columns, horizontally extending brick supports in the form of structural angle members secured to the columns and disposed generally along the horizontal margins of the brick panels, an outer casing or wall spaced exteriorly of the panels and secured to the columns, the space between the inner and outer walls providing for air cooling, upright structural members disposed at positions intermediate the columns and within the air cooled spaces between the inner and outer wall, a series of vertically aligned guide members fixed to the supports and having upright sleeve portions closely slidably fitting and embracing the structural members so that each intermediate structural member maintains the horizontal brick supporting angles against turning under the influences of the eccentrically disposed load of the bricks, and brick bonding and tying means movably anchored to the intermediate structural members and extending into the brick panels for holding the latter against lateral displacement.

'6. In a furnace wall construction, vertically aligned panels each including'a plurality of superposed horizontal courses of brick, the brick panels being included in the inner: wall of the construction, horizontally spaced main wall supporting columns, horizontally extending brick supports in the form of structural angle members secured to the columns and disposed generally along the horizontal margins of the brick panels, an outer casing or wall spaced exteriorly of the panels and secured to the columns, the space between the inner and outer walls providing for air cooling, said outer wall including vertically aligned sheet metal panels with structural angles secured thereto alongtheir margins, the marginal horizontal structural anglesof successive sheet metal panels being secured together at positions-verticallyintermediate the brick supports, upright structural members disposed at positions intermediate the columns and within the air cooled spaces between the inner and outer wall, a series of vertically aligned guide members having upright sleeve portions slidably fitting and embracing the structural members, said guide members being fixed to the brick supports so that each intermediate structural member maintains the horizontal'brick supporting angles against turning under the influences ofthe eccentrically disposed load of the bricks, the upright structural members being secured to the outer wall at the positions of horizontal juncture of successive sheet metal panels of that wall; and brick bonding and tyingmeans movably anchored to the intermediate structural members and extending into the brick panels for holding the latter against lateral displacement.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Liptak July 17, 1934 2,147,946 Jaros Feb. 21, 1939 2,255,803 Offutt -u Sept. 16, 1941 2,281,951 Schroeder May 5, 1942 FOREIGN PATENTS 270,709 Great Britain of 1927 

